Power generation and transmission today are accomplished using three phase alternating-current. To understand electrical power quality monitoring and electrical power metering you must first have a basic understanding of three-phase power.
Electricity Basics
As a mechanical engineer, my favorite explanation of power is the analogy of a water system. In a water system you have a pipe that can carry water. The larger the pipe the more water it can carry. To move the water through the pipe you need to pressurize the water and when the water has the ability to move from a high pressure area to a low pressure area (like when you open a valve) you get flow. In our electrical analogy we replace the pipe with a wire. Instead of carrying water the wire carries electrons. The larger the wire the more electrons it can carry. You pressurize the electrons by applying voltage. When the circuit is complete the electrons will flow from the high voltage to the lower voltage and you get flow, know as current.
In a DC circuit the voltage and current will be constant (with a constant load). However in an AC circuit the voltage and the current will vary in a sinusoidal manner. The instantaneous voltage and current levels will vary over time based on their phase.
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